#Auricularia auricula judae full

The products in the biosynthesis process of DOPA melanin are divided into eumelanin (brown or black) and pheomelanin (brown, red, or yellow) ( Zou et al., 2013). DOPA-based melanin is a natural pigment widely found in living organisms, and the hair of humans ( Homo sapiens), bones and feathers of Gallus, seed coat of Armeniaca sibirica, and black truffles ( Tuber melanosporum) contain a large amount of DOPA-like melanin ( Butler and Day, 1998 Yao et al., 2007). However, we are still far from understanding the physiological and molecular bases of this phenomenon.Īuricularia auricula-judae melanin belongs to the 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) melanin, and it was initially determined to be pheomelanin by Sephadex G-100 column chromatography, which is a complex polyphenolic compound ( Zou et al., 2013). auricula-judae fruiting bodies turned to yellow after the mycelium was frozen. auricula-judae ( Gao, 2012), but the fruit color has been greatly affected, which is the most important indicator to estimate the food quality of A. Freezing treatment can significantly improve the yield and quality of A.

#Auricularia auricula judae full

auricula-judae in the winter, the cultivation species full of mycelium are put outdoors for quick-freezing, followed by waiting for ear emergence in the spring. The freezing pretreatment of the mycelium is a common method and key step of bagging cultivation in northern China, and when producing cultivation species of A.

Compared with wood cultivation, bagging cultivation ( Supplementary Figure 1) is more widely used because of the lower expenses, including wood resources and economic investment, as well as the avoidance of pesticides and viruses ( Lv, 2008). auricula-judae is mainly cultivated by two different methods, wood cultivation and bagging cultivation ( Lv, 2008). In 2012, its production in Heilongjiang was more than 3,000,000 tons, with an output value of more than 20 billion yuan ( Liu and Hu, 2018). auricula-judae, its harvesting method has gradually evolved from wild collection to artificial cultivation.Īuricularia auricula-judae is widely cultivated in China, and northern China was the major cultivation area ( Li et al., 2019). With the improvement of the nutritional and medicinal values of A. auricula-judae has been cultivated on a large scale in northern China, with a yield that ranked fourth in the world ( Zhang et al., 2007). auricula-judae is geographically distributed in Asia, Europe, North America, and other places throughout temperate and subtropical regions ( Akpaja et al., 2005). auricula-judae is also known for its medicinal properties, such as its antitumor, detoxification, anticoagulant, hypoglycemic, and cholesterol-lowering effects ( Nguyen et al., 2012). auricula-judae.Īuricularia auricula-judae is an edible nutrient-rich mushroom, which is an important food resource in Asia due to it being rich in proteins, microelements, vitamins, and carbohydrates as well as its low fat content ( Luo et al., 2009). This work will be expected to provide valuable information on the physiological and molecular mechanisms of freezing treatment on the color quality of A. The proteomic analysis showed that proteins involved in glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, tyrosine metabolism, ribosome, and arginine biosynthesis might contribute to the color differences in the A. Our findings showed that a longer freezing treatment causes a lighter color of A. auricula-judae was analyzed by physiological assays and a proteomics approach. In the present study, the synthesis of melanin in A. auricula-judae, but the mechanism of the effects of freezing treatment on melanin accumulation remains unknown. It is known that environment stimuli will affect the production of melanin by A.

2College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, ChinaĪuricularia auricula-judae is an edible nutrient-rich mushroom, which is a traditional medicinal resource in China.1Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.Jiawen Li 1†, Ziwei Li 1†, Tong Zhao 1, Xiufeng Yan 2* and Qiuying Pang 1*